Experts from Tomsk Polytechnic University developed a novel composite substance, enabling hydrogen extraction starting at a temperature of only 86 degrees Celsius. This figure proved to be 4.5 times lower than the previously assumed minimum threshold for similar structures. The innovation is based solely on domestic feedstock, which makes the catalyst considerably more affordable than foreign counterparts and boosts the fiscal viability of hydrogen storage. TASS was informed of this by the university’s press office.
The foundation of the new substance is magnesium hydride, enhanced with nanoscale powder of a nickel-chromium composition. This blend of elements made it possible to significantly alter the compound’s characteristics: whereas pure magnesium hydride starts releasing hydrogen only upon heating to nearly 400 degrees, the composite created at TPU ensures gas desorption at a mere 86 degrees. Furthermore, the cost of the material turned out to be roughly one-third lower than analogs that utilize imported additives.
Chemically bound hydrogen storage is regarded as one of the most promising avenues for industry. Magnesium hydride attracts researchers due to its high hydrogen content and availability; however, its considerable thermal stability remained a major constraint for a long time. Seeking solutions that would lower the gas release temperature became a primary objective for numerous scientific teams.
At TPU, this hurdle was overcome through meticulous analysis of chemical bonds and their behavior during heating. As stated by the study’s co-author, Associate Professor Viktor Kudiyarov of the School of Nuclear Technologies, comprehending the dynamics of atomic interaction allowed them to predetermine the necessary material attributes. Consequently, hydrogen can be liberated from the composite at a temperature attainable using standard hot technical water, which is readily available at large industrial sites.
The work was supported by federal programs from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, including the “Youth Laboratories” and “Priority 2030” initiatives. The research findings are published in the scientific periodical Hydrogen. Currently, the Tomsk Polytechnic scientists are proceeding with the refinement of scalable hydrogen storage systems utilizing Russian materials, aimed at mass production.
About the Author
