Thai biologists have, for the first time, utilized contraceptive vaccines as a method to manage the population size of wild elephants. Three female elephants received the medications via dart guns, delivered without anesthesia, as reported by the Bangkok Post.
Organizers of this trial, associated with the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, informed the publication that the vaccinations took place in Trat province. This action has been deemed necessary to curb the rapid expansion of the elephant numbers. Scientific data indicates that wild elephant populations in the eastern parts of Thailand are increasing by 8% annually, a rate nearly three times faster than observed elsewhere in the country.
Continued population expansion without intervention risks intensifying friction between humans and wildlife, biologists caution. Since 2012, comparable confrontations within the nation have resulted in the deaths of nearly 200 people and over 100 elephants.
The vaccine, known as SpayVac, provides a contraceptive effect lasting up to seven years. Researchers assert that it does not alter the animals’ temperament or physical condition; its sole function is to manage hormonal levels to prevent gestation. Previously, the drug underwent trials on seven captive elephants situated in the northern part of the country, where no negative side effects were identified.
Veterinary staff confirm that following the procedure, the treated females appear well and maintain their usual routines. Their health status will be monitored by scientists via blood tests conducted biannually. Experts intend to administer an additional 15 doses of the vaccine to other herds before the monsoon season begins in May.
Statistics reveal that the wild elephant population in Thailand has climbed from 334 individuals in 2015 to nearly 800 in 2024. This progress occurs even though Asian elephants are a national symbol for the country and are classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as an endangered species.
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