It is commonly assumed that physical and cognitive decline is unavoidable in old age. A recent study, featured in the journal Geriatrics, suggests this notion is debatable. Many individuals over the age of 65, in contrast, report feeling better than they did 10 or 20 years prior.
The individual’s perception of their own aging plays a significant role here, the paper’s authors emphasize. Scientists conducted an analysis of data from over 11,000 participants in the large-scale, long-term Health and Retirement Study focused on aging in the US. These volunteers were tracked for up to 12 years.
The researchers evaluated two metrics: cognitive abilities and physical condition. To test cognitive functions, a comprehensive memory and thinking assessment was employed, while physical capability was measured by gait speed. Geriatricians frequently refer to this latter measurement as the “vital sign,” linking it to risks of disability and mortality.
It was discovered that 45% of those surveyed showed improvement in at least one of these indicators as they aged. Cognitive functions enhanced for 32%, and physical parameters improved for 28%. When including those whose condition, even if not improving, at least did not decline, over half of the experiment’s participants contradicted the common belief in inevitable health deterioration in later life.
So, where do the assumptions about the inevitability of this phenomenon originate? From averaged data, the scientists explain. Experts noted another critical subtlety: participants who initially held more favorable views about aging were more likely to see actual improvements in their metrics.
The authors of the study attribute this to the so-called “stereotype embodiment” theory, wherein our preconceptions about aging eventually influence behavior and biological processes.
The body possesses “reserve potential” even in advanced years. By altering one’s perspective on aging, a person can genuinely enhance their quality of life.
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