The study was published in the journal Current Pharmaceutical Analysis. Scientists employed computer simulation and verified how aloe vera interacts with the enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)—they play a leading role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Particular attention was drawn to the beta-sitosterol molecule.
Using the molecular docking method (which predicts how one molecule will connect with another) and dynamic modeling, researchers established that beta-sitosterol firmly binds to both enzymes—AChE and BChE—surpassing the metrics of other compounds, such as succinate acid (used in complex therapy for dementias).
Furthermore, the investigators conducted an ADMET analysis (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity), which allows for hypothesizing how these compounds will perform within the body. It was discovered that beta-sitosterol and succinate possess favorable profiles, indicating good uptake and minimal toxicity.
Thus, scientists consider beta-sitosterol a promising prospect for future Alzheimer’s disease treatment. The researchers stress that the work remains at the stage of computer simulation; laboratory and clinical trials are necessary to confirm tangible benefits.
Alzheimer’s disease is the most frequent cause of senile dementia. According to WHO data for 2021, 57 million people globally were living with dementia, 60–70% of whom had Alzheimer’s disease.
The illness is linked to the toxic buildup of tau protein and beta-amyloid in the brain and the loss of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is vital for learning and memory. Current medications that boost acetylcholine production can temporarily ease symptoms but do not halt the disease’s progression.
Aloe vera is often dubbed a miraculous plant and has been utilized for over 3000 years across various cultures. Today, the plant is applied in cosmetics and wellness products, but it also contains bioactive substances that are being investigated in the context of brain health.
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