Researchers from the Advanced Scientific Research Center at the City University of New York have determined that glucose is involved in brain function in a more intricate manner than previously understood. This research is detailed in the journal Nature Neuroscience.
The focus of this investigation is the development of myelin, which serves as the insulating sheath around nerve fibers, crucial for the swift transmission of signals between cells. Myelin is synthesized by specialized cells known as oligodendrocytes, originating from precursor cells. This developmental pathway commences prenatally and persists into adulthood, underpinning the maturation of motor skills, speech, and various other capacities.
The scientists uncovered that the enzyme ATP citrate lyase facilitates the cells’ utilization of glucose to trigger division-related genes. When this enzyme was inhibited in mice, a temporary reduction in myelin levels was observed. Nevertheless, mature cells demonstrated the capacity to pivot to ketone bodies, an alternative source of fuel. This information holds promise for devising strategies to safeguard and regenerate myelin in the context of neurological disorders.
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