
Four NASA analog astronauts have officially emerged from isolation after spending 378 days inside a 3D-printed Martian habitat as part of the Crew Health and Performance Exploration Analog (CHAPEA) mission. Throughout the more than year-long experiment, the crew cultivated crops, managed strict resource limits, conducted simulated Marswalks, and operated under realistic deep-space communication delays. The behavioral and physiological data collected will directly inform the design of NASA’s upcoming Moon Base architecture and future crewed expeditions to the Red Planet.