Scientists have begun deploying drones to study volcanic gases and forecast potential eruptions on the island of Vulcano, located off the coast of Sicily. Researchers are testing a technology that enables the collection of data on gas emission composition without requiring people to approach hazardous areas.
According to AFP, specialists from the Technical University of Munich (TUM) have trialed a system featuring a drone equipped with tools for analyzing volcanic emissions. The device operates alongside a ground-based sensor that directs a laser beam through the gas plume. The reflected signal allows for determining the concentration of substances within the emissions.
Researchers note that the drone can adjust its position and take measurements from various angles. This eliminates the need for scientists to place equipment directly inside a hot gas cloud, where it could be damaged and require constant recalibration.
The collected data is processed by a specialized algorithm, which generates a gas concentration map within 10 to 15 minutes. The drone can operate at distances of up to 60 meters from the area under investigation.
Scientists highlight that changes in the composition of volcanic gases may signal an impending eruption. Rising pressure from magma within the Earth leads to an increase in the volume of gases released.
The next phase of testing will involve operations on Mount Etna in Sicily, where a new eruption recently occurred. Researchers believe that using drones will enable observations in locations that are dangerous or inaccessible for humans.
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