A groundbreaking prototype has been launched in Singapore: a server rack where computations are partly performed using living human neurons. Developed by Australian startup Cortical Labs in partnership with the National University of Singapore (NUS) and data center operator DayOne, the system consists of 20 biological computing units called CL1. Each CL1 contains approximately 800,000 lab-grown human neurons (derived from stem cells) placed on a microelectrode array that allows the electronic system to send signals to the cells and read their responses. The goal is to create a hybrid system where biological neurons, which can adapt and learn, complement traditional silicon-based AI in tasks requiring low-data scenarios or rapid adaptation. A key advantage highlighted is energy efficiency: while a conventional AI server rack can consume over 100 kW, the biological rack draws around 1 kW. However, a significant engineering challenge remains: neurons are living cells and need regular care (they “die” and must be replaced, with a lifespan of about six months).
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