If a certain bacterium is only occasionally present in the gut flora, the risk of developing multiple sclerosis increases significantly. Conversely, a higher presence of this bacterium may offer protection against multiple sclerosis.
Researchers from the University Campus of Monserrato (Italy) investigated potential links between the onset of multiple sclerosis and the gut microbiota, uncovering a connection with the bacterium Akkermansia massiliensis. The findings of this study were published in the journal Genes & Immunity.
Previous studies have already hinted at possible associations between the gut flora and multiple sclerosis. For instance, a study from last year concluded that certain gut bacteria could trigger multiple sclerosis.
To determine the extent to which a clear link between the gut microbiota and multiple sclerosis can be established, the researchers examined available genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
“We identified a connection between the disease and the commensal bacterium Akkermansia massiliensis, and a low prevalence of this bacterium appears to contribute to a predisposition to multiple sclerosis,” the research team reports. “The link seemingly lies in the region of the gene for the selective Fc receptor of secretory IgA (FcRL3).”
Specifically, the impact on FcRL3 protein production and the dynamic usage of introns between naive and mature B-cells is associated with the risk of developing multiple sclerosis.
The researchers suggest that low levels of Akkermansia massiliensis and low levels of FcRL3 may create a predisposition to multiple sclerosis, particularly through impaired self-tolerance to the commensal microbiota and dysregulation of B-cell function.
According to experts, these findings also open up new avenues for multiple sclerosis research. For example, increasing the prevalence of Akkermansia massiliensis and/or the levels of FcRL3 could potentially make a significant contribution to the prevention and treatment of multiple sclerosis in the future.
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